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ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent, aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAH). ACT domain of the nonheme iron-dependent, aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAAH): Phenylalanine hydroxylases (PAH), tyrosine hydroxylases (TH) and tryptophan hydroxylases (TPH), both peripheral (TPH1) and neuronal (TPH2) enzymes. This family of enzymes shares a common catalytic mechanism, in which dioxygen is used by an active site containing a single, reduced iron atom to hydroxylate an unactivated aromatic substrate, concomitant with a two-electron oxidation of tetrahydropterin (BH4) cofactor to its quinonoid dihydropterin form. PAH catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-Phe to L-Tyr, the first step in the catabolic degradation of L-Phe; TH catalyses the hydroxylation of L-Tyr to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines; and TPH catalyses the hydroxylation of L-Trp to 5-hydroxytryptophan, the rate limiting step in the biosynthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and the first reaction in the synthesis of melatonin. Eukaryotic AAAHs have an N-terminal ACT (regulatory) domain, a middle catalytic domain and a C-terminal domain which is responsible for the oligomeric state of the enzyme forming a domain-swapped tetrameric coiled-coil. The PAH, TH, and TPH enzymes contain highly conserved catalytic domains but distinct N-terminal ACT domains (this CD) and differ in their mechanisms of regulation. One commonality is that all three eukaryotic enzymes are regulated in part by the phosphorylation of serine residues N-terminal of the ACT domain. Members of this CD belong to the superfamily of ACT regulatory domains.
No pairwise interactions are available for this conserved domain.
Tips:  If you've navigated here from a protein, hovering over a position on the weblogo will display the corresponding protein position for that domain position. The histograms below the weblogo indicate mutations found on the domain. Red is for disease (OMIM) and blue is for SNPs. Functional Features are displayed as orange boxes under the histograms. You can choose which features are displayed in the box below. Range on the Protein: Protein ID Protein Position Domain Position: 
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