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  Domain Name: EF2
Elongation Factor 2 (EF2) in archaea and eukarya. Translocation requires hydrolysis of a molecule of GTP and is mediated by EF-G in bacteria and by eEF2 in eukaryotes. The eukaryotic elongation factor eEF2 is a GTPase involved in the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A site to the P site on the ribosome. The 95-kDa protein is highly conserved, with 60% amino acid sequence identity between the human and yeast proteins. Two major mechanisms are known to regulate protein elongation and both involve eEF2. First, eEF2 can be modulated by reversible phosphorylation. Increased levels of phosphorylated eEF2 reduce elongation rates presumably because phosphorylated eEF2 fails to bind the ribosomes. Treatment of mammalian cells with agents that raise the cytoplasmic Ca2+ and cAMP levels reduce elongation rates by activating the kinase responsible for phosphorylating eEF2. In contrast, treatment of cells with insulin increases elongation rates by promoting eEF2 dephosphorylation. Second, the protein can be post-translationally modified by ADP-ribosylation. Various bacterial toxins perform this reaction after modification of a specific histidine residue to diphthamide, but there is evidence for endogenous ADP ribosylase activity. Similar to the bacterial toxins, it is presumed that modification by the endogenous enzyme also inhibits eEF2 activity.
No pairwise interactions are available for this conserved domain.

Total Mutations Found: 11
Total Disease Mutations Found: 8
This domain occurred 9 times on human genes (15 proteins).



  COMBINED OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION DEFICIENCY 1
  MANDIBULOFACIAL DYSOSTOSIS, GUION-ALMEIDA TYPE


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Range on the Protein:  

   Protein ID            Protein Position

Domain Position:  


Feature Name:Total Found:
GTP/Mg2+ binding site
putative GEF interaction
Switch I region
Switch II region
G1 box
G2 box
G3 box
G4 box
G5 box



































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Please Cite: Peterson, T.A., Adadey, A., Santana-Cruz ,I., Sun, Y., Winder A, Kann, M.G., (2010) DMDM: Domain Mapping of Disease Mutations. Bioinformatics 26 (19), 2458-2459.

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