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  Domain Name: alpha_CA_I_II_III_XI
Carbonic anhydrase alpha, isozymes I, II, and III and XIII. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide in a two-step mechanism: a nucleophilic attack of a zinc-bound hydroxide ion on carbon dioxide, followed by the regeneration of the active site by ionization of the zinc-bound water molecule and removal of a proton from the active site. They are ubiquitous enzymes involved in fundamental processes like photosynthesis, respiration, pH homeostasis and ion transport. Most alpha CAs are monomeric enzymes. The zinc ion is complexed by three histidines. This vertebrate subgroup comprises isozymes I, II, and III, which are cytoplasmic enzymes. CA I, for example, is expressed in erythrocyes of many vertebrates; CA II is the most active cytosolic isozyme; while it is being expressed nearly ubiquitously, it comprises 95% of the renal carbonic anhydrase and is required for renal acidification; CA III has been implicated in protection from the damaging effect of oxidizing agents in hepatocytes. CAXIII may play important physiological roles in several organs.
No pairwise interactions are available for this conserved domain.

Total Mutations Found: 20
Total Disease Mutations Found: 7
This domain occurred 17 times on human genes (33 proteins).



  CARBONIC ANHYDRASE I DEFICIENCY
  CARBONIC ANHYDRASE I, GUAM
  CEREBELLAR ATAXIA AND MENTAL RETARDATION WITH OR WITHOUT QUADRUPEDAL
  HYPERCHLORHIDROSIS, ISOLATED
  LOCOMOTION 3
  RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA 17


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Range on the Protein:  

   Protein ID            Protein Position

Domain Position:  


Feature Name:Total Found:
active site
zinc binding site














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Please Cite: Peterson, T.A., Adadey, A., Santana-Cruz ,I., Sun, Y., Winder A, Kann, M.G., (2010) DMDM: Domain Mapping of Disease Mutations. Bioinformatics 26 (19), 2458-2459.

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